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1 ἅλυσις
ἅλυσις, εως, ἡ (α-priv. + λύω; for the breathing s. W-S. §5, 10e; Mlt-H. 100).① lit. chain (Hdt. et al.; SIG2 586, 86; 588, 32; PSI 240, 12; PGM 4, 3092; 13, 294; TestSol 15:7; Philo, Leg. All. 1, 28; Jos., Ant. 3, 170), esp. handcuffs Ac 28:20. δῆσαί τινα ἁλύσει (since Thu. 4, 100, 2; Wsd 17:16; Jos., Ant. 19, 294) bind someone w. chains, of a possessed pers. Mk 5:3, cp. vs. 4. δεσμεύειν ἁλύσεσιν (w. πέδαις, as Polyb. 3, 82, 8; Dionys. Hal. 6, 26, 2; 6, 27, 3; Mk 5:4) Lk 8:29. Double chains Ac 12:6f; 21:33. At the beginning of the ‘Thousand Years’ Satan will be bound w. a chain Rv 20:1f. Of eternal punishment κ[ρατο]ῦντες ἁλύ̣[ς]εις who held chains ApcPt Bodl.② gener. of imprisonment πρεσβεύω ἐν ἁλυσει in chains=as a prisoner Eph 6:20; causing disgrace 2 Ti 1:16.—DELG. M-M. -
2 βαρύδεσμον
βαρύδεσμοςloaded with chains: masc /fem acc sgβαρύδεσμοςloaded with chains: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
3 δέω
δέω 3 sg. pres. δεῖται (Ath. 21, 3); fut. δήσω LXX; 1 aor. ἔδησα, subj. δήσω; pf. ptc. δεδεκώς Ac 22:29. Pass.: 1 aor. inf. δεθῆναι 21:33; pf. δέδεμαι (Hom.+)① to confine a pers. or thing by various kinds of restraints, bind, tieⓐ of things τὶ someth. 1 Cl 43:2; τὶ εἴς τι (Ezk 37:17): tie weeds in bundles Mt 13:30. τί τινι (cp. Ezk 27:24): τοὺς πόδας κειρίαις J 11:44. ἔδησαν (τὸ σῶμα) ὀθονίοις μετὰ τῶν ἀρωμάτων they bound (the corpse) in linen cloths with spices 19:40.ⓑ of binding and imprisoning pers. δ. τινὰ ἁλύσεσι (cp. Lucian, Necyom. 11; Wsd. 17:16) bind someone w. chains, of a possessed person Mk 5:3f; of prisoners (PLips 64, 58) Ac 12:6; 21:33; Taubenschlag, Op. Min. II 722f. Also simply δ. τινά (Judg 16:5, 7f) Mt 12:29 (cp. TestLevi 18:12); 14:3; 27:2; Mk 3:27; 15:1; J 18:12; Ac 9:14; 21:11, 13; 22:29; B 6:7 (Is 3:10). (τοὺς) πόδας καὶ (τὰς) χεῖρας bind hand and foot (the acc. as Jos., Ant. 19, 294) Mt 22:13; Ac 21:11; δ. τινὰ ἐν φυλακῇ bind someone (and put him) in prison (4 Km 17:4) Mk 6:17. Pass. (Biogr. p. 238) δέδεμαι be bound, i.e., a prisoner 15:7. κατέλιπε δεδεμένον leave behind as a prisoner Ac 24:27 (δεδεμένος=in prison, as Diog. L. 2, 24 of Socrates); ἀπέστειλεν δ. J 18:24. Cp. Col 4:3; IEph 1:2 al. in Ignatius. Παύλου δεδεμένου AcPl Ha 2, 1. δέδεμαι ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι be a prisoner because of the name (=being a Christian) IEph 3:1. Also δ. ἐν Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ ITr 1:1; IRo 1:1. δεδεμένον ἄγειν τινά bring someone as prisoner (Jos., Bell. 7, 449) Ac 9:2, 21; 22:5; cp. IRo 4:3. Pass. δ. ἀπάγεσθαι IEph 21:2; δ. θεοπρεπεστάτοις δεσμοῖς bound w. chains that befit God’s majesty (i.e. through his bondage Ignatius displays his total devotion to God, s. IEph 3:1 above) ISm 11:1; δ. ἢ λελυμένος a prisoner or one (recently) freed 6:2.—Fig. ὁ λόγος τ. θεοῦ οὐ δέδεται God’s message cannot be imprisoned (though the speaker can) 2 Ti 2:9.—Mid. (s. L-S-J-M s.v. δέω A, II) οὐκ ἔξεστί μοι δήσασθαι αὐτό (viz. τὸ κεφαλοδέσμιον) I am not allowed to put on the headscarf GJs 2:2 (vv.ll. ἀναδήσασθαι and περιδήσασθαι).—A metaphorical use derived from ancient perceptions of illness explains the expr. ἣν ἔδησεν ὁ σατανᾶς whom Satan had bound of a deformed woman Lk 13:16 (cp. SIG 1175, 14ff; 32–35 Ἀριστὼ ἐγὼ ἔλαβον καὶ ἔδησα τὰς χεῖρας καὶ τοὺς πόδας καὶ τὴν γλῶσσαν καὶ τὴν ψυχήν). For another transcendent binding cp. δεδεμένος τῷ πνεύματι bound by the Spirit Ac 20:22 (similar imagery, perh., in Apollon. Rhod. 4, 880 ἀμηχανίη δῆσεν φρένας ‘perplexity bound his mind’).—On the binding of the dragon Rv 20:2 s. JKroll, Gott u. Hölle ’32, esp. 316ff; Tob 8:3; TestLevi 18:12.② to tie someth. to someth., tie to an animal (4 Km 7:10) Mt 21:2; Mk 11:2, 4 (πρὸς θύραν); Lk 19:30; angels Rv 9:14. δ. δέκα λεοπάρδοις tied to ten leopards (on the language: Soph., Aj. 240 κίονι δήσας = πρὸς κίονα 108; cp. Jos., Ant. 18, 196) IRo 5:1 v.l.— Fasten someth. (ParJer 7:35 τὴν ἐπιστολὴν εἰς τὸν τράχηλον τοῦ ἀέτου) a linen cloth at its four corners Ac 10:11 v.l.③ to constrain by law and duty, bind w. dat. of pers. to someone: of a wife to her husband Ro 7:2; of a husband to his wife 1 Cor 7:27 (for the form cp. Posidippus [III B.C.]: Anth. Pal. 9, 359, 5f ἔχεις γάμον; οὐκ ἀμέριμνος ἔσσεαι• οὐ γαμέεις; ζῇς ἔτʼ ἐρημότερος=You are married? You won’t be without cares. You remain unmarried? You’ll live still lonelier.). Abs. vs. 39 (cp. Achilles Tat. 1, 11, 2 v.l. ἄλλῃ δέδεμαι παρθένῳ; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 11, 56 τὴν μὲν ἄγαμον … τὴν δὲ πρὸς ἄνδρα δεδεμένην); τοῖς λαϊκοῖς προστάγμασιν be bound by the rules for the people (those without official duties) 1 Cl 40:5.④ The combination δ. καὶ λύειν bind and loose (Ael. Aristid. 40, 7 K.=5 p. 55 D. of Prometheus: ὅσα δήσειεν ὁ Ζεύς, ταῦτʼ ἐξὸν Ἡρακλεῖ λῦσαι; 41, 7 K.; Teleclides Com. [V B.C.] Fgm. 42 K. δέω—ἀναλύω) is found Mt 16:19; 18:18. On the meaning δέω has here cp. J 20:22f (cp. 1QH 13:10). Another interpretation starts fr. the rabbinic viewpoint. Aram. אֲסַר and שְׁרָא are academic language for the decision of the rabbis as to what was to be regarded as ‘bound’ (אֲסִיר), i.e. forbidden, or ‘loosed’ (שְׁרֵי), i.e. permitted; s. Dalman, Worte 175ff; Billerb. I 738–47. Binding and loosing in magical practice are emphasized by WKöhler, ARW 8, 1905, 236ff; ADell, ZNW 15, 1914, 38ff. S. also VBrander, Der Katholik 94, 1914, 116ff; KAdam, Gesammelte Aufsätze ’36, 17–52; JMantey, JBL 58, ’39, 243–49; HCadbury, ibid. 251–54 (both on J 20:23; Mt 16:19; 18:18).—B. EDNT. DELG s.v. δέω 1. M-M. TW. -
4 αλυσηδόν
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5 ἁλυσηδόν
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6 αλυσίδετος
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7 ἁλυσίδετος
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8 βαρύδεσμος
βαρύδεσμοςloaded with chains: masc /fem nom sg -
9 ἀνάγκα
ᾰνάγκα (-α, -ας, -ᾳ; -αις)1 necessity, compulsion, constraint ἐχθρᾷ λόγον φράσαις ἀνάγκᾳ with the hostility of necessity O. 2.60μιν ἔντὐ ἀνάγκα πατρόθεν O. 3.28
σὺν δ' ἀνάγκᾳ μιν φίλον καί τις ἐὼν μελαλάνωρ ἔσανεν P. 1.51
βοέους δήσαις ἀνάγκᾳ ἔντεσιν αὐχένας (v. l. ἀνάγκας) P. 4.234καλὰ γινώσκοντ' ἀνάγκᾳ ἐκτὸς ἔχειν πόδα P. 4.288
ὥρα πότνια, τὸν μὲν ἡμέροις ἀνάγκας χερσὶ βαστάζεις N. 8.3
κεράιζε Τυφῶνα πεντηκοντοκέφαλον ἀνάγκᾳ Ζεὺς πατὴρ was compelled to fr. 93. βιαίᾳ δαμεὶς ἀνάγκᾳ by inescapable violence Παρθ. 1. 1. σὺν δ' ἀνάγκᾳ πᾶν καλὸν fr. 122. 9. Ταρτάρου πυθμέναπτίξεις ἀφανοῦς σφυρηλάτοις ἀνάγκαις beaten chains of compulsion fr. 207. c. inf.,θανεῖν δ' οἷσιν ἀνάγκα O. 1.82
frag. Κρ]ονίων νεῦσεν ἀνάγκᾳ[ Δ. 4. 17. -
10 ἀνάγκη
-ης + ἡ N 1 0-1-3-17-22=43 1 Sm 22,2; Jer 9,14; 15,4; Zph 1,15; Ps 24(25),1717,16; distress 1 Sm 22,2κατ᾽ ἀνάγκην forcibly, by force 2 Mc 15,2; δι᾽ ἀνάγκην through compulsion 4 Mc 5,13; σιδηροδέσμοις ἀνάγκαις with unyielding chains 3 Mc 4,9Cf. BARR 1961, 223; →NIDNTT; TWNT -
11 δεσμός
-οῦ + ὁ N 2 6-7-15-10-14=52 Gn 42,27.35(bis); Lv 26,13; Nm 19,15band, bond Lv 26,13; δεσμοί bonds, chains Prv 7,22ἐάν τε εἰς δεσμά whether (casting) into prison Ezr 7,26; κατέλαβον τὸν Μανασση ἐν δεσμοῖς they took Manasseh in bonds, they captured Manasseh 2 Chr 33,11; πᾶς ὅρκος δεσμοῦ every binding oath Nm 30,14; εἶδεν τὸν δεσμὸν τοῦ ἀργυρίου αὐτοῦ he saw his bundle of money Gn 42,27, see also Hag 1,6*Hab 3,13 δεσμούς bonds-⋄אסר,יסר? for MT יסוד foundation, base; *Mal 3,20 ἐκ δεσμῶν (let loose) from bonds-רבק/מ ⋄מן and ⋄רבק for MT מרבק ⋄רבק fatted (through binding); *Jb 38,31 δεσμόν chain (here denoting the stellar group the Pleiades)-מענדות for MT מעדנות sweets, dainties? or reluctance?Cf. WALTERS 1973 129.316; →NIDNTT; TWNT -
12 δέω
+ V 2-33-13-11-10=69 Gn 38,28; 42,24; Jgs 15,10.12to bind [τι] Gn 38,28; to put in chains [τινα] Gn 42,24 Cf. HORSLEY 1981, 49; →NIDNTT; TWNT(→ἀποδέω, διαδέω, ἐκδέω, ἐνδέω, ἐπιδέω, καταδέω, προσδέω, συνδέω, ὑποδέω,,) -
13 σερσερωθ
N 0-1-0-0-0=1 2 Chr 3,16= רותשׁרשׁ chains -
14 σκιρτάω
+ V 1-0-3-2-1=7 Gn 25,22; Jer 27(50),11; Jl 1,17; Mal 3,20; Ps 113(114),4to leap, to bound, to skip (as a sign of joy) Jer 27(50),11; id. (of the movements of a child in the womb) Gn 25,22*Jl 1,17 ἐσκίρτησαν they shook their chains-עכסו for MT ושׁעב they shriveledCf. WEVERS 1993, 391; →TWNT(→διασκιρτάω,,) -
15 αἰώρημα
A that which is hung up or hovers, Lyc.1080.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > αἰώρημα
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16 βαρύδεσμος
A loaded with chains, Nonn.D.25.140, al.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > βαρύδεσμος
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17 δεσμεύω
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > δεσμεύω
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18 δεσμός
δεσμός, ὁ, pl.A , al., Thgn.459, Hdt.6.91, and so mostly in Trag., A.Pr. 513, etc., and Pl.Euthphr.9a; but , E.Ba. 518, 634, usu. in Pl., as Lg. 793b, al.: both forms in [dialect] Att. Inscrr.,δεσμοί IG2.678B48
, δεσμά ib.791.31, the latter preferred by Thom. Mag.p.79R. (sg. (Delph.), [dialect] Att. acc. to Hsch.): ( δέω A):—band, bond, anything for tying and fastening, as halter, Il.6.507; mooring-cable, Od.13.100, etc.; door-latch, 21.241; yoke-strap, X.An.3.5.10: metaph., any bond of union or connexion, Pl.Ti. 31c, etc.; of the vowels, Id.Sph. 253a; δεσμοὶ πολιτείας, of the laws, Id.Lg. 793b; εἰς τὰ δεσμοῦ for binding material, PTeb.120.70 (i B. C.).2 in pl. (never δεσμά in this sense), bonds, chains,ἐκ δεσμῶν λυθῆναι A.Pr. 509
, 770; πρὶν ἂν ἐξ ἀγρίων δ. χαλάσῃ ib. 177;ἐν δεσμοῖσι S.Fr.63
;εἰς δεσμοὺς ἄγειν E.Ba. 518
;δεσμοῖς Th.7.82
; ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν δ., = δεσμοφύλαξ, Luc. Tox.29: in sg., collectively, bonds, imprisonment, δ. ἀχλυόεις Epigr. ap. Hdt.5.77 ( = IG12.394);οὐδὲν ἄξιον δεσμοῦ Hdt.3.145
;ἐν. δ. S.Ant. 958
;ἐν δημοσίῳ δ. δεθείς Pl.Lg. 864e
;ἔδησεν ἑαυτὸν τιμησάμενος δεσμοῦ Lys.6.21
: metaph. of moral bondage, Porph.Abst.1.38, al.4 δ. ἄρθρου in Hp.Fract.37 is expld. by Gal. adloc. as ankylosis.5 spell, charm, Iamb.Myst.3.27. -
19 δεσμώτης
A prisoner, captive, Hdt.3.143, Th.5.35, etc.:—fem. [suff] δεσμ-ῶτις, Hld.8.8: metaph. of the soul, Ph.1.289.II as Adj., in chains, fettered, A.Pr. 119 (the play is called Προμηθεὺς δ.): fem.δεσμῶτις ποίμνη S.Aj. 234
(lyr.); Μελανίππη δ., name of a play by E.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > δεσμώτης
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20 διαδέω
A bind on either side,δ. τὸ πλοῖον ἀμφοτέρωθεν Hdt.2.29
, cf. 4.154;δ. τὰ χαλκεῖα ταινίᾳ Arist.Aud. 802a40
; bandage, Herod.Med. ap.Orib.10.18.2; put in chains,δοῦλον POxy.1423.9
(iv A. D.); fast-bound,Pl.
Phd. 82e:—[voice] Med., δ. ἱμάτια ταῖς λαιαῖς bind, wrap them round their left arms, App.Mith.86: abs., διαδεῖσθαι καυσίαις bind one's head (with a diadem), Plu.Demetr. 41; ὁ διαδούμενος the boy binding his hair, a famous statue by Polyclitus, Plin.HN34.55;διαδησάμενος Plu.2.489f
:—[voice] Pass., διαδεδέσθαι τὴν κεφαλὴν διαδήματι, μίτρᾳ, have one's head bound with.., D.S.4.4, Luc.DMort.12.3.
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